The Nobel Peace Prize was created in 1895 by Alfred Nobel to honor individuals and organizations that work towards peace, reduce conflicts, and encourage cooperation between nations. It has been given every year since 1901, with a few years when it wasn’t awarded.
Here’s a closer look at its beginnings and how it has developed over time:
Origins and Alfred Nobel’s Vision
Alfred Nobel was a Swedish inventor and businessman, best known for inventing dynamite.
In his will, he decided to use most of his money to set up five prizes: Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, and Peace.
The Peace Prize was meant for someone who had done the most or best work for friendship between countries, for reducing or ending military forces, and for organizing and promoting peace conferences.
Nobel was inspired by Bertha von Suttner, a well-known peace activist, whose ideas probably influenced his decision to include peace as one of the prize categories.
Administration and Selection
Unlike the other Nobel Prizes, which are given in Sweden, the Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway, by the Norwegian Nobel Committee.
This group has five members and is chosen by the Norwegian Parliament.
The first Peace Prize was given in 1901 to Frédéric Passy and Jean Henry Dunant for their contributions to international peace and humanitarian efforts.
Historical Highlights
The prize has recognized many different types of efforts, such as anti-nuclear activism (like Nihon Hidankyo in 2024), human rights, resolving conflicts, and international diplomacy.
It has also faced some controversy, especially when it was given to political figures or groups whose peace efforts were questioned or not fully realized.
Secrecy and Nomination Process
Nominations for the prize are kept secret for 50 years.
Only certain people, such as university professors, members of parliament, and past winners, are allowed to suggest names.
The committee looks at all the nominations, talks to experts, and chooses the winners by majority vote.
The final decision is announced in October, and the award ceremony takes place on December 10, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death.
Impact and Legacy
The Nobel Peace Prize remains one of the most respected honors in the world, representing hope and recognition for those working to make the world a more peaceful place.
Over time, the prize has adapted to reflect new ideas about peace, including efforts related to climate change, education, and freedom of expression.
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